Me pēhea te hanga i te kai mōkai kua whakamarokehia?

Ngā painga o te kai mōkai maroke-tio

kai nui rawa

Ko te whakamaroke tio korehau he tukanga whakamaroke e mahia ana i raro i te pāmahana tino iti me te nekehanga korehau teitei. I te wā e tukatuka ana, ka noho ngā kai i roto i te taiao kore-hāora, ā, he pōuri rawa. He iti te denaturation wera, e pupuri ana i te tae, te kakara, te reka me te āhua o ngā kai hou. Ā, ka whakanui ake i te tiaki i ngā huaora, ngā warowaihā, ngā pūmua me ētahi atu matūkai i roto i ngā kai me te chlorophyll, ngā whākōkī koiora, ngā waikawa amino me ētahi atu matūkai me ngā matū kakara.

He kaha te reka

Nā te mea i roto i te tukanga whakamaroke-tio, ka puta te wai i roto i te kai i tōna tūranga taketake, ka karohia te tikanga whakamaroke whānui, nā te rere o te wai o roto me te hekenga o te kai ki tōna mata, ā, ka haria ngā matūkai ki te mata o te kai, ka ngaro ngā matūkai me te whakapakeke o te mata o te kai. He reka ake te mīti kua maroke i te mea taketake, ka pai ake te reka.

Te nui o te wai whakapūmau

I roto i te tukanga whakamaroke-tio, ka huri ngā tioata huka totoka hei mamaoa wai, ka waiho ngā pūwero ki roto i ngā kai, nō reira he rite te hanganga o te kai mōkai maroke-tio ki te pūwero maroke maroke, ā, he tino pai te wairewatanga inamata me te tere me te tata ki te katoa o te wai. Mēnā ka tāpirihia te nui o te wai i te wā e kai ana, ka taea te whakahoki mai i tōna reka ki te āhua hou i roto i ētahi hēkona ki ētahi meneti. Ka tino whakatau tēnei i te raruraru o te iti o te wai i roto i te kai maroke mōkai, ā, ka nui ake te wai e inuhia ana e ngā mōkai.

Te tiaki roa rawa

He tino maroke te kai mōkai kua tio-maroke, ā, he mama hoki, nō reira he tino watea ki te whakamahi, ki te kawe rānei, ā, ko te nuinga o ngā kai mōkai kua tio-maroke ka tākaihia ki roto i ngā takai kua whakakiia ki te korehau, ki te hauota rānei, ā, ka rongoatia kia matara atu i te mārama. Ka taea te roa o te oranga o tēnei takai hiri i te pāmahana rūma ki te 3 ki te 5 tau, neke atu rānei.

He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te kai mōkai kua whakamaroketia me te kai mōkai kua maroke?

Ko te kai maroke-tio e whakamahi ana i te tukanga tio tere me te whakangawari korehau, ko te kai maroke (pērā i ngā huawhenua i roto i ngā kete ranu inamata he kai maroke noa) e whakamahi ana i te tukanga whakatairanga i te mimiti o te wai i roto i te kai i raro i ngā tikanga whakahaere horihori. Tae atu ki te whakamaroke taiao (whakamaroke i te rā, whakamaroke hau, whakamaroke atarangi) me te whakamaroke horihori (ōumu, rūma whakamaroke, whakamaroke miihini, me ētahi atu whakamaroke) me ētahi atu tikanga.

He maha ngā wā ka tiakina te nuinga o te tae, te kakara, te reka me te hanganga matūkai o te kai e te kai tio-maroke, ā, kāore he panoni nui o te āhua, he kaha te whakaora wai, ka taea hoki te tiaki mō te wā roa me te kore he mea tiaki, ā, ka taea e ia te pupuri i ētahi huaora me ngā kohuke, engari ki te whakatauritea ki ngā hua hou, he maha ngā wā ka ngaro ētahi huaora, pērā i te huaora C.

He maha ngā wā ka rerekē te tae, te kakara, te reka me te hanganga kai o te kai kua maroke, ā, he tino ngoikore te whakaora wai, he māmā ake te pirau o ngā huaora me ngā kohuke i roto i te tukanga tiaki kai kua maroke, nō reira kāore tōna uara kai i te pai ki te kai kua whakamarokehia.

Ahua. Te tukanga hanga kai mōkai kua maroke-tio

(1) Te Kōwhiringa o ngā Rauemi Mata

Kōwhiringa rauemi mata, whiriwhiria he heihei hou, he parera, he mīti kau, he reme, he ika me ērā atu.

(2) Maimoatanga i mua

Ko te hoko rauemi mata pai i mua i te whakamaroke-tio, he rerekē ngā tukanga maimoatanga o mua o ia rauemi, ko te tikanga ka tapahia te rauemi ki te āhua e hiahiatia ana, kātahi ka horoia, ka whakapakeketia, ka whakahoromatatia, me ētahi atu. Ko te kaupapa he tango i ngā paru kia whakangawaritia, kia maroke hoki, hei ārai i te nui o te ngako e puta mai ana i te hekenga o te waikura me te hekenga matū e puta mai ana i te noho o te mahi autolyase i roto i te mīti. I muri i te tukatuka, ka whakatakotoria ngā rauemi ki roto i ngā paepae, ā, ka rite mō te mahi e whai ake nei.

(3), te whakatio i mua i te pāmahana iti

Ka whakapakeketia te wai kore utu i roto i ngā kai mīti, kia rite tonu te āhua o te hua kua oti i muri i te whakamaroketanga me mua i te whakamaroketanga, kia āraihia ai ngā huringa kore e taea te huri pērā i te huka, te kukū, te mimiti me te nekehanga o te matū i te wā whakamaroke korehau, me te whakaiti i te whakahekenga o te wairewatanga o te matū me ngā huringa o ngā āhuatanga ora i puta mai i te hekenga o te pāmahana.

Kia oti te tukatuka-mua, ka whakatiohia ngā rauemi mata ki roto i te whare putunga tio tere me ngā tekau nekehanga kino. Ka mahia te whakatio-mua i runga i te tere tio-mua o te rauemi, te pāmahana iti rawa o te whakatio-mua, me te wā tio-mua. Ka taea e te rauemi whānui te tīmata ki te whakakore i te matū i roto i ngā haora 1-2 i muri i te taenga o te pāmahana ki te pāmahana iti rawa o te whakatio-mua.

(4), whakamaroke-tio

Ko te whakamaroketanga o te wai i roto i te wai (lyophilization) e wehea ana kia rua ngā taahiraa me ngā wāhanga: te whakamaroke whakatōtō me te whakamaroke mimiti. E mōhiotia ana hoki te whakamaroke whakatōtō ko te wāhanga tuatahi o te whakamaroke, ka whakamahanahia te hua tio ki roto i tētahi ipu korehau katia, ina tangohia ngā tioata huka katoa, ka oti te wāhanga tuatahi o te whakamaroke, i tēnei wā tata ki te 90% o te wai katoa ka tangohia. Ka tīmata te whakamaroke mai i te mata o waho ka neke haere ki roto, ā, ko te āputa i mahue i muri i te whakatōtō o te tioata huka ka noho hei awa mawhiti o te mamaoa wai whakatōtō.

Ko te whakamaroke mimiti e mōhiotia ana ko te whakamaroke tuarua o te wāhanga, ina oti te whakamaroke i te hukapapa i roto i te hua te whakamaroke, ka uru te hua ki te tuarua o ngā wāhanga. Whai muri i te wāhanga tuatahi o te whakamaroke, ka piri hoki tetahi wāhanga o te wai ki te pakitara capillary me ngā rōpū polar o te rauemi maroke, kāore i tio. Ina tae ki tētahi nui, ka whakaratohia he tikanga mō te tipu me te whakaputa uri o ngā moroiti me ētahi tauhohenga. Hei whakatutuki i te ihirangi makuku toenga e tika ana o te hua, hei whakapai ake i te pumau o te rokiroki o te hua, hei whakaroa hoki i te wā rokiroki, me whakamaroke anō te hua. Whai muri i te wāhanga tuarua o te whakamaroke, ko te ihirangi makuku toenga o te hua e whakawhirinaki ana ki te momo hua me ngā whakaritenga. Ko te tikanga kei waenga i te 0.45% me te 4%.

(5) Te takai hua kua oti

Puritia te kai mōkai kua tio-maroke ki roto i ngā putea hiri kia kore ai e mākū anō.

He pai mō ngā momo hiahia mōkai rerekē

Ngeru: Ko te kai ngeru maroke-tio he mea hanga mō ngā hiahia kai a tō ngeru, ā, he nui te pūmua, ngā huaora me ngā kohuke hei āwhina i te pupuri i te huruhuru hauora me te pūnaha nakunaku. Waihoki, mō ngā ngeru e pai ana ki te kai mīti, ka tukuna pea e ētahi kai ngeru maroke-tio he momo reka mīti.

Mō ngā kurī: Ka taea te hanga kai kurī kua whakamaroketia me te arotahi nui ki te pūmua, te huaora me te ngako hei tautoko i te ora me te hauora o tō kurī. Tērā pea he momo kai rerekē mō ngā kurī o ngā rahi, ngā tau, me ngā taumata mahi rerekē, tae atu ki ngā hua mō ngā matea kai motuhake, pērā i ngā kurī he mate pāwera kai motuhake, he momo kai motuhake pea kei a rātou.

Mōkai kē atu: Haunga ngā ngeru me ngā kurī, tera pea he kai motuhake kua whakamaroketia mō ētahi atu mōkai, pērā i ngā rāpeti, ngā hāmitara, me ētahi atu. He maha ngā wā kei roto i ēnei kai ngā matūkai motuhake e hiahiatia ana e ēnei kararehe, hei tauira, mō ngā rāpeti tera pea he nui te muka e hiahiatia ana, ā, mō ngā hāmitara tera pea he nui ake te aro ki te ōwehenga o te pūmua ki te warowaihā.

Kua tino rerekē te āhua o te whakatipu kararehe i te taenga mai o ngā kai mōkai kua whakamaroketia, ā, mā te tukanga whakamaroketia korehau ka taea e ngā kai mōkai te pupuri i te tae, te kakara, te reka me te nui o ngā matūkai o te nuinga o ngā kai taketake. I taua wā anō, ki te whakaritea ki ngā kai mōkai kua whakamaroketia tuku iho, he pai ake te reka, te roa o te wā e rongoatia ana, me te uara kai o ngā kai mōkai kua whakamaroketia. Mā ngā kai kua whakaritea mō ngā hiahia mōkai rerekē ka nui ake te kai totika me te taurite mō ngā kararehe. Nō reira, ehara i te mea he pai noa ngā kai mōkai noa pēnei i ngā ngeru me ngā kurī te kai kua whakamaroketia, engari ka taea hoki te whakatutuki i ngā hiahia kai rerekē o ētahi atu kararehe pēnei i ngā rāpeti me ngā hamsters. Ko te taenga mai o tēnei kai mōkai hou ka ārahi i te auahatanga me te whanaketanga o ngā ariā whakatipu kararehe.

Mena kei te hiahia koe ki te hangarau whakamaroke-tio, ki te hanga kai mōkai whakamaroke-tio rānei, ki te hiahia rānei koe ki te ako atu mō ā mātou hua, tēnā koa whakapā mai.whakapā maiHe tohunga mātou ki te hanga i ngā momo taputapu whakamaroke-tio katoa, tae atu kiWhakamaroke tio mō te whakamahi kāinga, Whakamaroke tio momo taiwhanga,whakamaroke tio pairatimewhakamaroke tio whakaputaAhakoa kāore mātou e whakarato kai mō ngā mōkai, ka taea e tā mātou tīma ngaio te tuku tohutohu me ngā otinga ritenga mō te hangarau whakamaroke-tio. Mena he pātai, he hiahia rānei āu, tēnā waea mai, īmēra mai rānei ki a mātou, ā, ka koa mātou ki te mahi ki a koe.